Conclusion

Due to the increasing importance of cellular networks in the operation of critical infrastructures, it is paramount to quantify the resilience of cellular networks and consequently to proactively develop strategies to mitigate potential risks. In this paper, we presented an approach to assess the resilience of a cellular network in case of various risks, e.g., isolated failures and correlated failures. Using the publicly-available data on cellular networks, population, and urbanity levels in the Netherlands, we showed the wide performance variance across different regions and operators in terms of the fraction of disconnected population and satisfied population. Moreover, we analyzed how much and where infrastructure sharing can offer benefits to each network operator in terms of managing the specific regions or technologies which the MNOs share. Areas with lower resilience can be considered for deployment of new infrastructure or for inter-operator collaboration to benefit from the existing cellular network infrastructures. We believe that the presented model-based approach to investigate the resilience of a cellular network can be applied to other countries or areas. This would provide a way to compare infrastructure in different countries, and to learn best practices. Potential future work directions include understanding pricing mechanisms for operators to benefit from this operation mode and incorporating the core network into our models.

随着蜂窝网络在关键基础设施运行中的重要性日益提升，评估其韧性并据此制定前瞻性的风险缓解策略显得尤为关键。本文提出了一种用于 评估蜂窝网络在面临多种风险情形下（如孤立故障与相关区域性故障）韧性的分析方法。

基于荷兰地区公开获取的蜂窝网络、人口分布及城市化水平数据，本文揭示了不同区域与不同运营商在断联人口比例与服务满意人口比例方面的显著性能差异。

此外，我们进一步分析了基础设施共享在多大程度上、以及在哪些区域和技术层面可为各运营商带来潜在收益，特别是在管理共享区域或技术方面。对于韧性较弱的地区，可考虑新建通信基础设施或推进运营商间的协同合作，以充分利用现有网络资源。我们认为，本文提出的基于模型的方法可推广应用于其他国家或地区，用于评估当地蜂窝网络的韧性。这不仅有助于不同国家间的基础设施对比，也有望促成对最佳实践经验的借鉴。

未来的研究方向可包括：深入理解运营商在该共享模式下可采用的定价机制，以及将核心网络的因素纳入当前模型中，从而更全面地评估网络韧性。